The setting was the postgraduate orthodontic clinic at Jordan University of Science and Technology. A total of 49 patients 39 female, 10 male mean age standard deviation, 21.25 3 years who required orthodontic treatment with either FAs or CAs were randomly allocated into 1 of 2 study groups. ...No serious harm on the oral health of the participants in the 2 study groups was observed other than mild gingivitis associated with plaque accumulation. ...