Analytical data frame included only personnel with a history of Afghanistan deployment N 4854 . Results: Deployed members exposed to PMIEs were more likely to seek help from their family doctor general practitioner OR 1.72 95 CI 1.25 2.36 , paraprofessionals OR 1.72 95 CI 1.25 2.36 , and non professionals OR 1.44 95 CI 1.06 1.95 in comparison to members not exposed to PMIEs. ...Increased utilization of civilian professionals raises concerns that active military members may be avoiding military health services. ...